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 The practice of field hockey seems to be as old as the history of Humanity. As defense weapon or agricultural device, the stick was used in various games, consisting in pushing a wooden, stone or later on leather-ball..Originally made out of a tree branch with an excrescence at one end, it did
not allow any precision in passings. This is why it had to be shaped, and due to technical necessity, the flat
side of the stick came out
Uncontestables testimonies of its long past existence , can still be found in the Nile valley on tomb dating 2000 years before J-C, but also on the low-relief of the wall of Thaemistocle in Greece and in many old scripts. Its practice was known in Asia Minor but also in Europe and in the
Scandinavian countries.
Practised in England, and in France as well (Normandy and Brittany) this activity used to give place to inter-villages meetings of an extreme violence.
Its coding goes back to 1880 and it was registered , for the first time , for the 1908 Olympic games.
Hockey was also, at the origin of others sports such as golf, billiard etc.
As others collective sports such as handball with11 which turned out to handball with 7, field hockey was at the origin of the indoor hockey , around the year 1950, in order to give the opportunity to Field players to
train during the winter period.

Dynamic olympic sport due to its originality, hockey is practised more and
more in many Colleges and Universities where co-education can be
applied.without any difficulty.

 Hockey in door is a stick and game ball to score by getting the ball into the opponent's goal.The player has possibility of using the rebound of ball on the beams laterals. The stick is made in wod.

The head of hockey stick has a rounded side (the right side) and a flat side (the left side).It must to weigh 794 g to the maximum for men and 652 g for women. Its weight should not be lowwer than 340 g. The sticks have differents lenght, ranging between 84 and 92 cm. A stick which has approximately half of the size of the player is sufficient.

It is only with the flat left hand side of the stick that you are permitted to play the ball.

The ball : its weight must be between 156 g and 163 g. Its circumference must be between 22,4 and 23,3 cm.

It is a ground of handball game.The ground of play has two zones and two shooting circles. The shooting circle is a roughly semi-circular area in front of the opponent's goal. The sizes of the ground are : length : from 36 to 44 m and for the width between 18 and 22 m . Over the entire length of the side lines there are beams whose interior face is oblique downward to prevent that the ball does not rise upward at the time of the rebound. Their section is of 10 x 10 cm.

The ground players can be put into two general categories : attackers and defenders. The substitutes are on banks out of one side line . Theeir replacement is carried out when:

The ball crossed the line of goal.

-a goal is scored.

-The half-time is whistled.

The play is stopped to replace a rounded player.

 The equipment of the goalkeeper is justified by the violence of the shootings.

He has :- an helmet provided with a protective grille and a protect-throat - - a breaksplate for the torso - a pair of gloves. - a foul cup. - legginsand shoes - a stick which he will have never to loose.